Tetraacylgermanes as highly efficient photoinitiators for visible light cured dimethacrylate resins and dental composites

Norbert Moszner; Urs Karl Fischer; Iris Lamparth; Pascal Fässler; Judith Radebner; Anna Eibel; Michael Haas; Georg Gescheidt-Demner; Harald Stüger

doi:10.1002/app.46115

Tetraacylgermanes as highly efficient photoinitiators for visible light cured dimethacrylate resins and dental composites

Norbert Moszner^*, Urs Karl Fischer, Iris Lamparth, Pascal Fässler, Judith Radebner, Anna Eibel, Michael Haas, Georg Gescheidt-Demner, Harald Stüger

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Tetrabenzoylgermane 1 and various substituted tetrabenzoylgermanes 2–7 were investigated as visible light (VL) photoinitiators (PIs) for dental dimethacrylate resins and dimethacrylate-based composites. The tetrabenzoylgermanes 1–7 show a very strong VL absorption between 400 and 450 nm. Substituents on the benzoyl chromophore strongly influence their properties such as melting point, solubility, absorption behavior, or PI reactivity. A good photobleaching behavior and a very high reactivity as VL PI was found in photo-differential scanning calorimeter experiments for selected tetrabenzoylgermanes. Composite pastes containing only ∼0.1 wt % of Ge-PI exhibited a sufficient photocuring due to the high PI-reactivity of the tetraacylgermanes. Among the investigated germane PIs, tetrakis(2-methylbenzoyl)germane 2 shows the best performance as VL PI for restorative composites and enables the composites to be photocured using an LED with an emission maximum of 500 nm

Original language	English
Article number	46115
Journal	Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Volume	135
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/app.46115
Publication status	Published - 2018

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@article{378461f8714142f8a1b8aee85d6efea1,

title = "Tetraacylgermanes as highly efficient photoinitiators for visible light cured dimethacrylate resins and dental composites",

abstract = "Tetrabenzoylgermane 1 and various substituted tetrabenzoylgermanes 2–7 were investigated as visible light (VL) photoinitiators (PIs) for dental dimethacrylate resins and dimethacrylate-based composites. The tetrabenzoylgermanes 1–7 show a very strong VL absorption between 400 and 450 nm. Substituents on the benzoyl chromophore strongly influence their properties such as melting point, solubility, absorption behavior, or PI reactivity. A good photobleaching behavior and a very high reactivity as VL PI was found in photo-differential scanning calorimeter experiments for selected tetrabenzoylgermanes. Composite pastes containing only ∼0.1 wt % of Ge-PI exhibited a sufficient photocuring due to the high PI-reactivity of the tetraacylgermanes. Among the investigated germane PIs, tetrakis(2-methylbenzoyl)germane 2 shows the best performance as VL PI for restorative composites and enables the composites to be photocured using an LED with an emission maximum of 500 nm",

author = "Norbert Moszner and Fischer, {Urs Karl} and Iris Lamparth and Pascal F{\"a}ssler and Judith Radebner and Anna Eibel and Michael Haas and Georg Gescheidt-Demner and Harald St{\"u}ger",

year = "2018",

doi = "10.1002/app.46115",

language = "English",

volume = "135",

journal = "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",

issn = "0021-8995",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "15",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Tetraacylgermanes as highly efficient photoinitiators for visible light cured dimethacrylate resins and dental composites

AU - Moszner, Norbert

AU - Fischer, Urs Karl

AU - Lamparth, Iris

AU - Fässler, Pascal

AU - Radebner, Judith

AU - Eibel, Anna

AU - Haas, Michael

AU - Gescheidt-Demner, Georg

AU - Stüger, Harald

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - Tetrabenzoylgermane 1 and various substituted tetrabenzoylgermanes 2–7 were investigated as visible light (VL) photoinitiators (PIs) for dental dimethacrylate resins and dimethacrylate-based composites. The tetrabenzoylgermanes 1–7 show a very strong VL absorption between 400 and 450 nm. Substituents on the benzoyl chromophore strongly influence their properties such as melting point, solubility, absorption behavior, or PI reactivity. A good photobleaching behavior and a very high reactivity as VL PI was found in photo-differential scanning calorimeter experiments for selected tetrabenzoylgermanes. Composite pastes containing only ∼0.1 wt % of Ge-PI exhibited a sufficient photocuring due to the high PI-reactivity of the tetraacylgermanes. Among the investigated germane PIs, tetrakis(2-methylbenzoyl)germane 2 shows the best performance as VL PI for restorative composites and enables the composites to be photocured using an LED with an emission maximum of 500 nm

AB - Tetrabenzoylgermane 1 and various substituted tetrabenzoylgermanes 2–7 were investigated as visible light (VL) photoinitiators (PIs) for dental dimethacrylate resins and dimethacrylate-based composites. The tetrabenzoylgermanes 1–7 show a very strong VL absorption between 400 and 450 nm. Substituents on the benzoyl chromophore strongly influence their properties such as melting point, solubility, absorption behavior, or PI reactivity. A good photobleaching behavior and a very high reactivity as VL PI was found in photo-differential scanning calorimeter experiments for selected tetrabenzoylgermanes. Composite pastes containing only ∼0.1 wt % of Ge-PI exhibited a sufficient photocuring due to the high PI-reactivity of the tetraacylgermanes. Among the investigated germane PIs, tetrakis(2-methylbenzoyl)germane 2 shows the best performance as VL PI for restorative composites and enables the composites to be photocured using an LED with an emission maximum of 500 nm

U2 - 10.1002/app.46115

DO - 10.1002/app.46115

M3 - Article

SN - 0021-8995

VL - 135

JO - Journal of Applied Polymer Science

JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science

IS - 15

M1 - 46115

ER -

Tetraacylgermanes as highly efficient photoinitiators for visible light cured dimethacrylate resins and dental composites

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