TY - JOUR
T1 - New insights into controlling the twin structure of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
AU - McDonagh, Birgitte H.
AU - Staudinger, Christoph
AU - Normile, Peter S.
AU - De Toro, Jose A.
AU - Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit
AU - Glomm, Wilhelm R.
AU - Singh, Gurvinder
N1 - Funding Information:
The Research Council of Norway is acknowledged for the support to the Norwegian Micro- and Nano-Fabrication Facility , NorFab ( 197411/V30 ). AS and IS would like to acknowledge support by the Liaison Committee between the Central Norway Health Authority and NTNU, as well as EEA Norway-Czech Republic Bilateral Collaboration. PSN and JADT acknowledge the support of the Spanish MINECO through the grant MAT2015-65295-R . G.S. thanks Rowan K Leary (The University of Cambridge) for the HRTEM characterization of nanoparticles.
Funding Information:
The Research Council of Norway is acknowledged for the support to the Norwegian Micro- and Nano-Fabrication Facility, NorFab (197411/V30). AS and IS would like to acknowledge support by the Liaison Committee between the Central Norway Health Authority and NTNU, as well as EEA Norway-Czech Republic Bilateral Collaboration. PSN and JADT acknowledge the support of the Spanish MINECO through the grant MAT2015-65295-R. G.S. thanks Rowan K Leary (The University of Cambridge) for the HRTEM characterization of nanoparticles.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - The concept of twinning has been extensively investigated in a range of metallic (e.g. Au, Ag, Cu and Pt) nanoparticle systems. However, the experimental strategy for introducing twinning in magnetic nanoparticle systems remains a grand challenge and unexplored to date. This is important to control the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles via the control of internal structural characteristics (i.e. the number of defects or twinned planes in the nanoparticles). The present work, for the first time, demonstrates how a judicious choice of bulkier ligands, based on alkylammonium halides, can be used to control the rate of the reaction and, thus, the high yield (>75%) formation of novel multiply twinned (polycrystalline decahedral and singly twinned) and untwinned (single crystalline octahedra and cubes) iron oxide nanoparticles. Based on new mechanistic understanding presented in this work, we discovered the enhancement and suppression of twinned structure within magnetic nanoparticles at low and high rate of the reaction, respectively. The multiply twinned magnetic nanoparticles show superior coercivity, higher cellular uptake, and enhanced magnetic actuation ability compared to untwinned nanoparticles of similar sizes. Overall, our work represents a paradigm shift in magnetic nanomaterials by providing new mechanistic insights, and guidance for controlling twinning and morphologies across a range of magnetic nanomaterials. This will ultimately allow us to tailor the magnetic properties through engineering the number of defects or twinning and will also have broad implications in nanotechnology, materials science, and engineering.
AB - The concept of twinning has been extensively investigated in a range of metallic (e.g. Au, Ag, Cu and Pt) nanoparticle systems. However, the experimental strategy for introducing twinning in magnetic nanoparticle systems remains a grand challenge and unexplored to date. This is important to control the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles via the control of internal structural characteristics (i.e. the number of defects or twinned planes in the nanoparticles). The present work, for the first time, demonstrates how a judicious choice of bulkier ligands, based on alkylammonium halides, can be used to control the rate of the reaction and, thus, the high yield (>75%) formation of novel multiply twinned (polycrystalline decahedral and singly twinned) and untwinned (single crystalline octahedra and cubes) iron oxide nanoparticles. Based on new mechanistic understanding presented in this work, we discovered the enhancement and suppression of twinned structure within magnetic nanoparticles at low and high rate of the reaction, respectively. The multiply twinned magnetic nanoparticles show superior coercivity, higher cellular uptake, and enhanced magnetic actuation ability compared to untwinned nanoparticles of similar sizes. Overall, our work represents a paradigm shift in magnetic nanomaterials by providing new mechanistic insights, and guidance for controlling twinning and morphologies across a range of magnetic nanomaterials. This will ultimately allow us to tailor the magnetic properties through engineering the number of defects or twinning and will also have broad implications in nanotechnology, materials science, and engineering.
KW - Anisotropic nanoparticles
KW - Iron oxide
KW - Magnetic nanoparticles
KW - Magnetic property
KW - Multiply twinned
KW - Reaction kinetics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107925685&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101084
DO - 10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101084
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107925685
SN - 2352-9407
VL - 24
JO - Applied Materials Today
JF - Applied Materials Today
M1 - 101084
ER -