Consistency of the mean and the principal components of spatially distributed functional data

Siegfried Hörmann, P. Kokoszka

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Abstract

This paper develops a framework for the estimation of the functional mean and the functional principal components when the functions form a random field. We establish conditions for the sample average (in space) to be a consistent estimator of the population mean function, and for the usual empirical covariance operator to be a consistent estimator of the population covariance operator. These conditions involve an interplay of the assumptions on an appropriately defined dependence between the random functions and the assumptions on the spatial distribution of the sampling points. The rates of convergence may be the same as for iid functional samples, but generally depend on the strength of dependence and appropriately quantified distances between the sampling points. We also formulate conditions for the lack of consistency
Original languageUndefined/Unknown
Pages (from-to)1535-1558
Number of pages24
JournalBernoulli
Volume19
Publication statusPublished - 2013

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