TY - JOUR
T1 - A development toolchain for a pulsed injector-ejector unit for PEM fuel cell applications
AU - Singer, Gerald
AU - Gappmayer, Gregor
AU - Macherhammer, Marie
AU - Pertl, Patrick
AU - Trattner, Alexander
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the Climate and Energy Fund (KLIEN) and the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) for funding and managing the projects “HyTruck” and “KEYTECH4EV”, which form the basis of this publication. Furthermore, the authors would like to thank all participating industrial and scientific partners as well as the Hydrogen Initiative Flagship Region Austria Power & Gas (WIVA P&G) for the organization. Special thanks go to AVL List GmbH, as software from the AVL AST UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM was used in this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/7/1
Y1 - 2022/7/1
N2 - The anode subsystem of PEM fuel cells has to supply hydrogen in the required temperature, pressure, mass flow and concentration range under all operating conditions. At present, several components such as valves, sensors and a recirculation pump/blower (active recirculation) secure the supply, which consumes a significant amount of energy and reduces the overall efficiency. Passive recirculation with a pulsed injector-ejector unit is a promising approach to guarantee the required supply while maintaining low energy consumption. However, high development efforts are necessary to design and optimize an injector-ejector for the entire operating range. This paper proposes a novel development toolchain consisting of simulation models and experimental validation. In addition, simulation and measurement results are within a 2% accuracy for the stoichiometric ratio at nominal power. Further, the results show that recirculation covers the entire operating range. This toolchain enables accurate design and optimization of injector-ejector units saving development time and costs.
AB - The anode subsystem of PEM fuel cells has to supply hydrogen in the required temperature, pressure, mass flow and concentration range under all operating conditions. At present, several components such as valves, sensors and a recirculation pump/blower (active recirculation) secure the supply, which consumes a significant amount of energy and reduces the overall efficiency. Passive recirculation with a pulsed injector-ejector unit is a promising approach to guarantee the required supply while maintaining low energy consumption. However, high development efforts are necessary to design and optimize an injector-ejector for the entire operating range. This paper proposes a novel development toolchain consisting of simulation models and experimental validation. In addition, simulation and measurement results are within a 2% accuracy for the stoichiometric ratio at nominal power. Further, the results show that recirculation covers the entire operating range. This toolchain enables accurate design and optimization of injector-ejector units saving development time and costs.
KW - 1D, 3D CFD, experiment
KW - Development toolchain
KW - Passive anode hydrogen recirculation
KW - PEM fuel cell
KW - Pulsed injector-ejector unit
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132874488&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.177
DO - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.177
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85132874488
VL - 47
SP - 23818
EP - 23832
JO - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
SN - 0360-3199
IS - 56
ER -
