Advances and Future Challenges in Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction

Description

Today the problem are heterogeneous, probabilistic, high-dimensional and complex data sets. The challenge is to learn from such data to extract and discover knowledge, and to help to make decisions under uncertainty. In automatic machine learning (aML) great advances have been made, for example, in speech recognition, recommender systems, or autonomous vehicles. Automatic approaches greatly benefit from "big data" with many training sets. However, sometimes we are confronted with a small amount and complex data sets, where aML suffers of insufficient training samples. The application of such aML approaches in complex application domains such as health informatics seems elusive in the near future, and a good example are Gaussian processes, where aML (e.g. standard kernel machines) struggle on function extrapolation problems which are trivial for human learners. In such situations, interactive Machine Learning (iML) can be beneficial where a human-in-the-loop helps in solving computationally hard problems, e.g., subspace clustering, protein folding, or k-anonymization of health data, where the knowledge and experience of human experts can help to reduce an exponential search space through heuristic selection of samples. Therefore, what would otherwise be an NP-hard problem reduces greatly in complexity through the input and the assistance of a human agent involved in the learning phase. ML is a fast growing and very practical field with many business applications and much open research challenges, particularly in multi-task learning, transfer learning and hybrid multi-agent systems with humans-in-the-loop. Consequently, successful ML needs a concerted effort, fostering integrative research between experts ranging from diverse disciplines from data science to visualization and tackling complex challenges needs both disciplinary excellence and a cross-disciplinary skill-set and international joint work without any boundaries.

Period	24 Jul 2017
Held at	International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications
Event type	Conference
Location	Madrid, Spain