TY - JOUR
T1 - The Realization of Clinker-reduced, Performance-based Sustainable Concrete by the Micro-filler, Eco-filler Concept
AU - Juhart, Joachim
AU - Autischer, Michael
AU - Sakoparnig, Marlene
AU - Krüger, Markus
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - In times of climate change, the reduction in embodied greenhouse gas emissions is a premise for sustainable concrete infrastructure. As Portland cement clinker is mainly responsible for the high CO
2 emissions of concrete, its reduction is necessary. In order to be sustainable, the concrete must meet processing, mechanical and durability properties while taking cost aspects into account. The paper presents (i) the “micro-filler/eco-filler concept” for achieving a clinker reduced, optimised binder and (ii) a performance-based approach to put sustainable “Eco-concrete” into practice. Clinker is substituted by locally available inert fillers by at least two different particle size fractions and supplementary cementitious materials. The method is based on particle packing optimisation, reduction in water demand and optimisation of the mix ratio of the binder blend, which allows the performance requirements to be met. The new Eco-concretes deliver the desired performance in terms of processability, strength and durability (water penetration, frost, carbonation and chloride resistance) while lowering the environmental impact in comparison to standard concrete. One of the new mixes was used for a small animal passage tunnel. The direct comparison of the developed Eco-concrete and standard concrete showed a 24% reduction in CO
2, while achieving satisfactory workability, stripping strength and durability performance.
AB - In times of climate change, the reduction in embodied greenhouse gas emissions is a premise for sustainable concrete infrastructure. As Portland cement clinker is mainly responsible for the high CO
2 emissions of concrete, its reduction is necessary. In order to be sustainable, the concrete must meet processing, mechanical and durability properties while taking cost aspects into account. The paper presents (i) the “micro-filler/eco-filler concept” for achieving a clinker reduced, optimised binder and (ii) a performance-based approach to put sustainable “Eco-concrete” into practice. Clinker is substituted by locally available inert fillers by at least two different particle size fractions and supplementary cementitious materials. The method is based on particle packing optimisation, reduction in water demand and optimisation of the mix ratio of the binder blend, which allows the performance requirements to be met. The new Eco-concretes deliver the desired performance in terms of processability, strength and durability (water penetration, frost, carbonation and chloride resistance) while lowering the environmental impact in comparison to standard concrete. One of the new mixes was used for a small animal passage tunnel. The direct comparison of the developed Eco-concrete and standard concrete showed a 24% reduction in CO
2, while achieving satisfactory workability, stripping strength and durability performance.
KW - Durability
KW - Filler
KW - Performance-based design
KW - SCM
KW - Sustainable concrete mix-design
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85114125767&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ma14174958
DO - 10.3390/ma14174958
M3 - Article
SN - 1996-1944
VL - 14
JO - Materials
JF - Materials
IS - 17
M1 - 4958
ER -