TY - JOUR
T1 - Shine a light on immobilized enzymes
T2 - Real-time sensing in solid supported biocatalysts
AU - Bolivar, Juan M.
AU - Consolati, Tanja
AU - Mayr, Torsten
AU - Nidetzky, Bernd
PY - 2013/3
Y1 - 2013/3
N2 - Enzyme immobilization on solid supports has been key to biotransformation development. Although technologies for immobilization have largely reached maturity, the resulting biocatalysts are not well understood mechanistically. One limitation is that their internal environment is usually inferred from external data. Therefore, biological consequences of the immobilization remain masked by physical effects of mass transfer, obstructing further development. Work reviewed herein shows that opto-chemical sensing performed directly within the solid support enables the biocatalyst's internal environment to be uncovered quantitatively and in real time. Non-invasive methods of intraparticle pH and O2 determination are presented, and their use as process analytical tools for development of heterogeneous biocatalysts is described. Method diversification to other analytes remains a challenging task for the future.
AB - Enzyme immobilization on solid supports has been key to biotransformation development. Although technologies for immobilization have largely reached maturity, the resulting biocatalysts are not well understood mechanistically. One limitation is that their internal environment is usually inferred from external data. Therefore, biological consequences of the immobilization remain masked by physical effects of mass transfer, obstructing further development. Work reviewed herein shows that opto-chemical sensing performed directly within the solid support enables the biocatalyst's internal environment to be uncovered quantitatively and in real time. Non-invasive methods of intraparticle pH and O2 determination are presented, and their use as process analytical tools for development of heterogeneous biocatalysts is described. Method diversification to other analytes remains a challenging task for the future.
KW - Biocatalysis
KW - Immobilization
KW - Internal sensing and monitoring
KW - Intraparticle pH and O concentration
KW - Process analytical technology
KW - Solid support
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84875241247&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.01.004
DO - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.01.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 23384504
AN - SCOPUS:84875241247
SN - 0167-7799
VL - 31
SP - 194
EP - 203
JO - Trends in Biotechnology
JF - Trends in Biotechnology
IS - 3
ER -