TY - JOUR
T1 - Multilayer lead-free piezoceramic composites
T2 - Influence of co-firing on microstructure and electromechanical behavior
AU - Ayrikyan, Azatuhi
AU - Weyland, Florian
AU - Steiner, Sebastian
AU - Duerrschnabel, Michael
AU - Molina-Luna, Leopoldo
AU - Koruza, Jurij
AU - Webber, Kyle G.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Eric Patterson and Dr. Barbara Kaeswurm for valuable discussion and revision of the manuscript, and Professor Barbara Malič and Ms. Jena Cilenšek for the opportunity to measure the dynamic sintering curves. The authors would like to further acknowledge the technicians Mr. Michael Heyse at TU Darmstadt for assistance with sample preparation, and Ms. Sabine Brungs for assistance with optical dilatometry. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this work from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under WE 4972/2. Dr. M. Duerrschnabel acknowledges financial support from the Hessen State Ministry of Higher Education, Research and the Arts via LOEWE RESPONSE.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The American Ceramic Society
PY - 2017/8
Y1 - 2017/8
N2 - In this study lead-free 2-2 and 0-3 ceramic/ceramic composites comprised of the non-ergodic relaxor 0.93(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–0.07BaTiO3 and ergodic relaxor 0.94Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.25)0.5TiO3–0.06BiAlO3 were investigated. The macroscopic electromechanical behavior was characterized as a function of continuent content, revealing an enhancement in the unipolar strain from the multilayer composite structure. Systematic evaluation of the effects of co-sintering on microstructural properties, such as grain size and porosity, revealed potential mechanisms by which the increase in unipolar strain was achieved. In addition, interdiffusion between the constituents was observed, providing evidence for the formation of a functionally graded ceramic by co-sintering. These data are contrasted with high-resolution energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis for measurement of chemical composition across the interface of 2-2 ceramics. These findings provide insight into how synthesis routes can be optimized for tailoring the enhancement of electromechanical properties of lead-free electroceramic composite systems.
AB - In this study lead-free 2-2 and 0-3 ceramic/ceramic composites comprised of the non-ergodic relaxor 0.93(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–0.07BaTiO3 and ergodic relaxor 0.94Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.25)0.5TiO3–0.06BiAlO3 were investigated. The macroscopic electromechanical behavior was characterized as a function of continuent content, revealing an enhancement in the unipolar strain from the multilayer composite structure. Systematic evaluation of the effects of co-sintering on microstructural properties, such as grain size and porosity, revealed potential mechanisms by which the increase in unipolar strain was achieved. In addition, interdiffusion between the constituents was observed, providing evidence for the formation of a functionally graded ceramic by co-sintering. These data are contrasted with high-resolution energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis for measurement of chemical composition across the interface of 2-2 ceramics. These findings provide insight into how synthesis routes can be optimized for tailoring the enhancement of electromechanical properties of lead-free electroceramic composite systems.
KW - composites
KW - ferroelectricity/ferroelectric materials
KW - laminates
KW - piezoelectric materials/properties
KW - sinter/sintering
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85018547764&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/jace.14887
DO - 10.1111/jace.14887
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85018547764
SN - 0002-7820
VL - 100
SP - 3673
EP - 3683
JO - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
IS - 8
ER -