Driver Trust in Automated Driving Systems

Vehicle automation is a prominent example of safety-critical AI-based task automation. Recent digital innovations have led to the introduction of partial vehicle automation, which can already give vehicle drivers a sense of what fully automated driving would feel like. In the context of current imperfect vehicle automation, establishing an appropriate level of driver trust in automated driving systems (ADS) is seen as a key factor for their safe use and long-term acceptance. This paper thoroughly reviews and synthesizes the literature on driver trust in ADS, covering a wide range of academic disciplines. Pulling together knowledge on trustful user interaction with ADS, this paper offers a first classification of the main trust calibrators. Guided by this analysis, the paper identifies a lack of studies on adaptive, contextual trust calibration in contrast to numerous studies that focus on general trust calibration.